Morphology, Systematics and autecology of choanoflagellates from the Atacama Desert

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Title:Main Title: Morphology, Systematics and autecology of choanoflagellates from the Atacama Desert
Description:Abstract: Heterotrophic protists are a diverse group of potentially fast evolving unicellular organisms and the most abundant eukaryotes on Earth. They play an essential role within the microbial food web in aquatic and terrestrial habitats. The small size and the possibility to form cysts enable them to survive also extreme environmental conditions. Regarding evolution, choanoflagellates have an outstanding position as they are the closest living unicellular relatives to metazoan in the eukaryotic supergroup Opisthokonta. Approximately 250 species of choanoflagellates are known from fresh to marine waters. Traditional taxonomy based on morphological characteristics of the external cell covering was misleading regarding monophyletic classifications. Due to recent higher level taxonomic revision choanoflagellates are divided into two major orders: the Craspedida and Acanthoecida. The latter is represented by a distinct morphological trait, the formation of a lorica, a siliceous basket-like covering. Recent studies suggest that the combination of phenotype, genotype and additional ecotype will refine modern taxonomy. By adding additional data, especially autecological information, the accuracy and stability of species definition is further amended, allowing the use of molecular data originating from metagenomic analysis regarding an ecological context. This study focused on the investigation of different choanoflagellate species from extreme saline conditions. Hypersaline endorheic basins, so-called salt flats, of the hyperarid Atacama Desert in Northern Chile provide a unique and intense environment for all organisms. Our study focused on isolated choanoflagellate species of different salt flats, investigating their morphological characters by light and electron microscopy, molecular marker genes and autecology. Especially the salinity tolerance plays a key role regarding evolutionary adaptations of choanoflagellates to strongly variable saline conditions. We revealed the existence of one new euryoecious nudiform acanthoecid species, which can survive both fresh waters and hypersaline conditions. In addition, we described four new craspedid species, highly adapted to the hypersaline environment. This work extends our knowledge on choanoflagellate phylogeny and also ecology.
Responsible Party
Creator:Sabine Schiwitza (Author)
Publisher:CRC1211 Database (CRC1211DB)
Publication Year:2019
Topic
CRC1211 Topic:Biology
Related Subproject:B3
Subject:Keyword: Biodiversity
Geogr. Information Topic:Inland Waters
File Details
Filename:SchiwitzaMA.pdf
Data Type:Text - Text
File Size:604 KB
Date:Available: 23.04.2018
Mime Type:application/pdf
Data Format:PDF
Language:English
Status:Completed
Constraints
Download Permission:Only Own Subproject
General Access and Use Conditions:According to the CRC1211DB data policy agreement.
Access Limitations:According to the CRC1211DB data policy agreement.
Licence:None
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Specific Information - Report
Report Date:23rd of April, 2018
Report Type:Master Thesis
Report City:Cologne
Report Institution:University of Cologne
Metadata Details
Metadata Creator:Frank Nitsche
Metadata Created:24.10.2019
Metadata Last Updated:24.10.2019
Subproject:B3
Funding Phase:1
Metadata Language:English
Metadata Version:V50
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