A new network of climate stations in the Atacama to fill the observational gap
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| Title: | Main Title: A new network of climate stations in the Atacama to fill the observational gap |
| Description: | Abstract: Talk given at EGU2019 general assembly in Vienna in Session GM5.3/BG7.4/CL4.38/PS4.7 "Earth - Evolution at the dry limit" The Atacama desert is one of the driest places on earth but climate data and climate models show large biasesthere with especially too high precipitation. Meteorological observations in the region are sparse and limited. Thuswe built up a new network of 15 climate stations which is intended to work as a reference for climate models aswell as ground truth for satellite missions. Goal of the network is also to understand how water is transported intothe desert. Especially fog and dew play an important role as precipitation is with annual values around 0.1 mm/aextremely low.The network is build up by three transects from the coast of the pacific up to the slope of the Andes. Thetransects cover typical land forms of the region: the gypsum desert, result of the extreme dryness of the region;a wide valley running from west to east through the coastal mountain range allowing inflow of moist air fromthe pacific into the desert, and a narrow valley showing a strong gradient of decreasing vegetation from thecoast to inland. Instrumentation of the network includes not only standard parameters like temperature, windand precipitation but also solar and terrestrial radiation, soil temperatures and soil moisture. A ’leaf wetness’sensor gives information about deposition of liquid water by dew or fog. All data is available under DOI10.5880/CRC1211DB.1.First results of the meteorological parameters show very regular patterns with some seasonal variation.Coastal stations show in general during daytime southerly winds, i.e. along the coast and easterly winds at nighti.e. wind blowing from land to sea. This is a combination of the synoptic situation (high pressure system abovethe Pacific), a land/sea breeze system and a cold air drainage flow from the coastal cliff. All inland stations showa daily pattern different from this: starting at midday wind is coming from the west i.e. from the Pacific oceanwhereas during night it is blowing from the east i.e. from the Andes. Wind speeds are during daytime usuallyhigher than during night indicating a mountain wind system driven by solar heating.At the stations in the coastal mountain range the west wind during daytime is usually moister than the eastwind during night. This indicates that the daytime west wind originates in the oceanic boundary layer. At themost eastward stations at the foot of the Andes this day-night difference is not present. This means that over theday moisture is transported into the desert. A rough maximum estimate assuming that the advected moisture isdeposited as dew in the central valley of the desert gives 0.5mm/day which would exceed the annual averagerainfall of the region. Possible alternative pathways of the water vapor will be discussed |
Responsible Party
| Creator: | Jan Schween (Author) |
| Contributor: | Dirk Hoffmeister (Data Manager) |
| Publisher: | CRC1211 Database (CRC1211DB) |
| Publication Year: | 2019 |
Topic
| CRC1211 Topic: | Climate |
| Related Subproject: | A1 |
| Subjects: | Keywords: Meteorology, Field Experiments GEMET Inspire Spatial Data Themes: Atmospheric conditions, Environmental monitoring facilities GEMET Thesaurus entries: meteorological research, fog |
| Geogr. Information Topic: | Climatology/Meteorology/Atmosphere |
File Details
| Filename: | Schween_a_new_network.pdf |
| Data Type: | Text - Text |
| File Size: | 2.7 MB |
| Dates: | Other: 01.04.2017 (start of presented Data) Other: 31.03.2019 (end of presented Data) Other: 10.04.2019 (Talk given) |
| Mime Type: | application/pdf |
| Data Format: | |
| Language: | English |
| Status: | Completed |
Constraints
| Download Permission: | Only Project Members |
| General Access and Use Conditions: | According to the CRC1211DB data policy agreement. |
| Access Limitations: | According to the CRC1211DB data policy agreement. |
| Licence: | None |
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Specific Information - Presentation
| Presenter: | Jan H. Schween |
| Presentation Date: | 10th of April, 2019 |
| Presentation Type: | Talk |
| Event: | EGU General assembly 2019 |
| Event Type: | Conference |
| Event Location: | Vienna, Austria |
| Event Duration: | 7th of April, 2019 - 12th of April, 2019 |
| Event Website: | https://www.egu2019.eu/ |
Metadata Details
| Metadata Creator: | Jan Schween |
| Metadata Created: | 07.11.2019 |
| Metadata Last Updated: | 07.11.2019 |
| Subproject: | A1 |
| Funding Phase: | 1 |
| Metadata Language: | English |
| Metadata Version: | V50 |
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| Page Visits: | 167 |
| Metadata Downloads: | 0 |
| Dataset Downloads: | 0 |
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