Mirroring the effect of geological evolution: Protist speciation in the Atacama Desert
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| Title: | Main Title: Mirroring the effect of geological evolution: Protist speciation in the Atacama Desert |
| Description: | Abstract: Unicellular eukaryotes, also called protists, are potentially fast evolving organisms. The small size of protists, their fast reproduction rate and ability to form cysts as well as their adaptability to extreme conditions allow them to associate to endemic animals, plants, saline lakes and soil even in extremely arid systems. These properties make unicellular eukaryotes ideal model organisms to combine studies on evolutionary processes of very different groups of organisms and across very different time scales comprising even geological ones. The hyperarid Atacama Desert offers a study area unique on Earth, where a predominantly arid climate was present for millions of years. A comprehensive analysis of the diversity of unicellular eukaryotes in different habitats (endemic desert plant phyllosphere, the gut of endemic darkling beetles, isolated hypersaline waters) revealed a dataset distinct and divergent from other regions on Earth. We used standard isolation and cultivation protocols to elucidate speciation patterns for a variety of very different and independent taxonomic groups of protists such as gregarines and ciliates among alveolates, placidids among stramenopiles and choanoflagellates among opisthokonts. The ability to rapidly adapt to extreme environments, which enhance a fast speciation rate at high UV radiation, has only been reported for prokaryotes up to now. The establishment of arid to hyperarid conditions in the Atacama Desert about 20 Ma ago has obviously led to an isolation of protist populations followed by a radiation of species. There are only a few regions on Earth with similar extreme salinity conditions reducing the chance of an exchange between protist populations. Speciation patterns in unicellular eukaryotes in very different phylogenetic groups independently mirror the effect of geological evolution and climate variability during the Neogene. |
Responsible Party
| Creators: | Hartmut Arndt (Author), Benedikt Ritter (Author), Alexandra Rybarski (Author), Sabine Schiwitza (Author), Tibor Dunai (Author), Frank Nitsche (Author) |
| Publisher: | Elseviere |
| Publication Year: | 2019 |
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File Details
| Filename: | ArndtsubmGlobalPlanetaryChange.pdf |
| Data Type: | Text - Article |
| File Size: | 8.3 MB |
| Date: | Created: 31.05.2019 |
| Mime Type: | application/pdf |
| Data Format: | |
| Language: | English |
| Status: | In Process |
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| Download Permission: | Only Own Subproject |
| General Access and Use Conditions: | According to the CRC1211DB data policy agreement. |
| Access Limitations: | According to the CRC1211DB data policy agreement. |
| Licence: | None |
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| Publication Status: | Submitted |
| Review Status: | Not peer reviewed |
| Publication Type: | Article |
| Source: | Global Planetary Change |
| Number of Pages: | 30 (1 - 30) |
Metadata Details
| Metadata Creator: | Frank Nitsche |
| Metadata Created: | 17.06.2019 |
| Metadata Last Updated: | 17.06.2019 |
| Subproject: | B3 |
| Funding Phase: | 1 |
| Metadata Language: | English |
| Metadata Version: | V50 |
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| Page Visits: | 382 |
| Metadata Downloads: | 0 |
| Dataset Downloads: | 1 |
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